Herbert Basedow spent the rest of his life trying to preserve and protect Aborigines, yet he is mostly known to have initiated the removal of half-Aboriginal children from their parents while Chief Protector in Darwin in 1911. That is only a half truth. A distinguished geologist, anthropologist and medical doctor, he was certain that Australian Aborigines were black Caucasians and racially closely related to Neanderthal Man. This idea had been developed by his close friend Prof. Herrmann Klaatsch of Breslau University; Basedow quantified it and made it scientifically respectable. However, A.O. Neville, Chief Protector in Western Australia, in search of a solution to the so-called half-caste problem, quickly understood the implications of Basedow's work...