In this work, the author collects and analyzes the epigraphic and archaeological evidence for the cult of Silvanus, the Roman god of agriculture and forests. Silvanus is an important focus of investigation as his private and popular character sets him apart from other deities of the state pantheon. Dorcey traces the origin, spread, development and final suppression of the cult. Silvanus' nature as a Roman god and his identification with indigenous deities in the provinces are examined and the evidence for temples, priests, "collegia" and sacred groves is presented along with a treatment of the god's adherents and iconography.