Agroforestry parklands, traditional agroforestry systems in the Sudano-Sahelian region, are among the most widespread agroforestry systems in African countries south of the Sahara. This FAO Conservation Guide reviews the status of knowledge of these systems and synthesizes the experiences relating to the biophysical, socio-economic and policy aspects of their management. It identifies crucial research needs and promising avenues for further promoting their management, conservation and development. It is expected that future cooperative action will contribute to the sustainability of these agroforestry parklands and to their enhanced role in the livelihoods of rural populations in sub-Saharan Africa.