The book covers some most recent studies and updated issues in the following areas: 1.Population Economics in Indonesia: The articles in this chapter discuss issues on the changing population structure, including: the impact of Millennials' behavior and characteristics that are different from the previous generation on various life spectrum, such as fertility preference; the impact of fast development in transportation and economy on migration; and decent wages in a global production network. 2.Islamic Economics and Microfinance: This chapters containts articles that analyze how zakat, shodaqoh, and infaq can be used as economic empowerment tools by improving the well-being in the community; and the intention of zakat payers through the lense of Theory of Planned Behavior. 3.Monetary and Fiscal Challenges in a Changing Global Economy: Some issues discussed by the articles in this chapter are the use of monetary and fiscal policy to speed up economic growth; some empirical findings on taxation, trade liberalization and its impact on food security; technology and its impact on money demand; and analysis of the stock market's trend. These timely issues are relevant in increasing the interdependence and openness of the country. This book is strongly recommended to be used as a reference for researchers, students, and also business practitioners not only in Indonesia, but also wider audiences that require deeper insights/thoughts in dynamic, changing and global emerging market (i.e. in Indonesia).