This book explores issues of agricultural development and the provision of food security, providing a core framework and recommendations for implementing sustainable development goals in these areas. Focused on the period up to 2030 to match the timeline of the SDGs, the book surveys the current landscape and the prospects for agricultural development, demonstrating how Agriculture 4.0 based on AI and deep learning must follow from digitalization as the next step to ensuring food security. It brings together research based on analytical and statistical data, including the IMD World Digital Competitiveness Report and the Food Security Report from the Economist Intelligence Unit, and reliable mathematical tools including correlation and regression analysis, forecasting with histogramming, probability estimates, and the simplex method, as well as Game Theory methodology and the hierarchical procedure method of Thomas Lorie Saaty to forecast international scenarios for food security in the future economy. Containing theoretical and practical insights, the book will be of interest to those studying agricultural economics, the digital economy, and concepts of Agriculture 4.0 and Industry 4.0.