Cyber-physical systems (CPS) are one of the key concepts of Industry 4.0. Despite their great potentials for industrial value creation, there are challenges, such as a significant increase in complexity, as a result of which the development status of Industry 4.0 is behind expectations. This book addresses this issue with the following research design: In addition to providing a comprehensive foundation of industrial CPS and Industry 4.0, four studies are conducted, each consisting of an exploratory research part and a design science research (DSR) part. In doing so, four perspectives are directed at the topic of industrial CPS: A systemic, a stakeholder-centered, an organizational and a holistic. In conclusion, the contributions are integrated in a summary and the artifacts are incorporated into an overarching methodological framework. Thus, theoretical contributions are derived and concrete practical recommendations for the main target groups of organizations, educational institutions and international delegations provided.