According to IRT theory, patients who suffer from maladaptive anger, anxiety, or depression are reenacting dysfunctional lessons in affect management modeled by parents and other early attachment figures. For example, a depressed woman who is afraid to assert herself can be described as reliving a childhood during which speaking up was dangerous, leading to rejection, even abandonment. IRT gives sufferers the tools to revise or replace internalized versions of attachment figures (the "family in the head") to create a more secure internal base.

IRT is integrative, drawing on any intervention relevant to the case formulation, and it is compatible with medications as needed for stress management. Evidence of effectiveness is provided for a treatment-resistant population. In this warm and engaging book, author Lorna Smith Benjamin shows how patients can more effectively cope with threat and find safety in their everyday lives.