This book supplies a comprehensive overview of membrane materials, technologies, and processes with a rigorous presentation of theory, from classical to modern. The coverage ranges from the basic principles of membrane separations, theoretical fundamentals, to such specific applications as filtration, dialysis, reverse and forward osmosis, electrochemical processes, active transport, and hybrid processes such as pervaporation and membrane reactors. It clearly presents difficult concepts for students just learning about membranes while also offering a valuable theoretical and engineering reference for membrane experts, providing a teaching tool that currently does not exist.