Small plastic fragments (microplastics) and larger plastic waste can be found even on the most remote island. Plastic waste all over the planet is the visual footprint of consumerism and mass production. Plastics shape society-nature relations in such profound ways, that we speak of the Plastic Age. If governments at least in Europe envision a circular economy, reuse and recycling of plastics take an important part within these strategies. In particular, the current use of chemicals in plastics needs to be reconsidered if we want to enhance recycling possibilities and the safety of human and environmental health. In order to develop comprehensive approaches to tackle the problem, we need a thorough understanding of the phenomenon: Compiling different disciplinary perspectives from humanities, social sciences and environmental sciences, this anthology deals with various facets of plastics in our society and the implications for the environment and human health.