This work demonstrates that a full analysis of human reasoning and behaviour requires an understanding of both cognitive and metacognitive activities. The international team of contributors addresses key questions related to metacognition, including: are metacognitive activities similar to standard cognitive processes or do they represent a separate category?; how do people reflect on their cognitive processes?; and does our metacognitive knowledge affect our behavioural choices? The major debate surrounding metacognition is illuminated by the numerous interdisciplinary insights from the social sciences and cognitive psychology presented in this book.