This volume is a comprehensive advanced core text on Russia from 1881 to the death of Stalin. It is a second edition of the bestselling Communist Russia under Lenin and Stalin. This second edition is extended to cover the Tsarist pre-revolutionary period. It offers students an insight into - the nature of Tsarist rule in Russia and the causes and consequences of the 1905 revolution; - the causes and consequences of the Russian Revolution in 1917; - the nature, the achievements and failures of Lenin's and Stalin's Communist regimes; - the ongoing historiographical debate about this period and the current reinterpretations of it. Other improvements for this second edition include more streamlined coverage of Stalin's foreign policy.