and then investigates the writings of the philosophers in the areas of logic, metaphysics, politics, ethics, law, and religion. By the early eighteenth century Scotland was well placed to give rise to
the spectacular Enlightenment that then followed, and to do so in large measure on the basis of its own well-established intellectual resources. Among the many thinkers discussed are Reformed orthodox, Episcopalian, and Catholics philosophers including George Robertson, George Middleton, John Boyd, Robert Baron, Mark Duncan, Samuel Rutherford, James Dundas, George Mackenzie, James Dalrymple, and William Chalmers.