This book explores the scientific, technological, and societal aspects of establishing a permanent human presence on the Moon. From early lunar exploration to the development of a self-sustaining colony, it examines the strategic importance of the Moon as a gateway to deeper space missions, particularly to Mars. Covering key topics such as lunar resources, infrastructure, space mining, and governance, the book presents a vision of how humanity can transform the Moon into a thriving base for future interplanetary expansion.