Focusing on the many possible conflicts that dot the European landscape, this work addresses the Europeans as distinct national groups, not as nation-states and national minorities. It is a guide to the national groups populating the so-called Old World - groups that continue to dominate world headlines and present the world community with some of its most intractable conflicts. The volume addresses the post-Cold War nationalist resurgence by focusing on the most basic element of any nationalism - the nation. It includes entries on nearly 150 groups, surveying these groups from the earliest period of their national histories to the dawn of the 21st century. In short essays highlighting the political, social, economic and historical evolution of peoples claiming a distinct identity in an increasingly integrated continent, the book provides information and historical background on the European national groups that are making the news and those that will produce future headlines.