Antarctica is commonly viewed as a barren, inaccessible, frozen land, but in fact it is rich in oil, natural gas, and high-grade ore, and one of the few places where different nations are sharing scientific knowledge. This volume recounts the short history of Antarctic explorations and discoveries, and describes the diverse physical characteristics of the region. Analyzes the pressures -- environmental and political -- that threaten its future development. Examines the successful Antarctic Treaty of 1959, an agreement which has promoted the peaceful sharing of scientific research and the resolution of political issues. Concludes by making a case for the Antarctic claims of Chile, which, by reasons of geography and history, has a long and abiding interest in the continent. Illustrated.