Existing memory studies literature has tended to focus on commemorative sites and dates while transitional justice scholarship has primarily centered on truth commissions, trials, and reparations. This book explores the interaction between memory and transitional justice and develops a theoretical framework for bringing these two fields of study together through the concept of critical junctures. Focusing on post-dictatorship Argentina and Uruguay, Francesca Lessa uses critical junctures to track and explain moments of change. She traces and analyzes across time the dynamic evolution of and shifts in transitional justice policies and the emergence and replacement of dominant memory narratives in the context of enduring struggles for justice and against impunity.