Symbols speak in layers of meaning, and provide a shorthand for different ideas; they challenge us to go beyond the surface and discover rich layers of significance. This handsomely illustrated volume examines the many interpretations behind symbols from diverse cultures and eras, including natural objects, such as animals and stones; man-made things (temples, houses, tools, ritual items), and abstract forms, including alphabets, amulets, numbers, and colors. A vast directory explores symbolism from ancient civilizations, Western and Middle Eastern religions, power and heraldry, magical and esoteric traditions, and much more.