This book, reviews the state of the art of all topics related to soil erosion. Despite almost a century of research and extension efforts, soil erosion by water, wind and tillage continues to be the greatest threat to soil health and soil ecosystem services in many regions of the world. Our understanding of the physical processes of erosion and the controls on those processes has been firmly established. Nevertheless, some elements remain controversial, and it is these questions that can hamper efforts to implement sound erosion control measures in some parts of the world. Released in conjunction with the Global Symposium on Soil Erosion (May 2019), this publication argues that there are three main levers available to increase the adoption of soil control measures: enhanced extension leading to voluntary adoption; regulation coupled with effective enforcement, and economic incentives.