Although Thailand is often seen as being a society in which there is little conflict along ethnic or religious lines, in fact, since the 1970s a major crisis of cultural identity has developed. This crisis has its roots in the fundamental questioning of hierarchical sociopolitical order that emerged in the 1970s and in the failure of authoritarian elements, most notably represented by the military, to re-impose that order on the society. The crisis also emerged from the erosion of one of the primary institutions on which the traditional order was based, namely the Buddhist sangha, and as a consequence of major change in the roles of women consequent of a revolution in fertility since the 1960s and the development of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in the 1980s. In the context of this crisis, a number of significant incidents have taken place in which the remembering of the past has been strongly contested. The volume contains chapters on a number of these incidents. This makes a major contribution to the study of how the remembrance of the past is situated in the politics of the present.