In 2021, India completed three decades of implementation of economic liberalization policies. This volume is a composite and critical account of Indian agriculture during these decades. Agriculture was one of the most contentious arenas of policymaking in this period, with occasional spurts of growth coexisting with acute agrarian distress. This book discusses and analyses a range of themes in Indian agriculture including land ownership, tenancy, public investment and expenditure, prices, international trade, crop incomes and profitability, input subsidies, credit, insurance, marketing and food distribution. A key feature of the volume is its focus on both the broader macroeconomic outlook and evidence collected through intensive village surveys. It demonstrates that the impact of policies of liberalization on agriculture was uneven and adverse. Even as the growth of large-scale agrarian capital from below was stymied by policy, agrarian transformation continued to be characterized by inequality and differentiation.