Over the past two decades, Narendra Modi has coupled Hindu nationalism with a form of national-populism that has ensured his party's success at the polls. Modi has managed to seduce a substantial number of citizens by promising them development and polarizing the electorate along ethno-religious lines. Christophe Jaffrelot draws on a wealth of original sources to show how Modi's government has moved India toward a new form of democracy, an ethnic democracy that equates the majoritarian community with the nation and relegates minorities, including Muslims, to second-class citizens who are harassed by vigilante groups. Modi's India is a sobering account of how a once-vibrant democracy can go wrong when a government backed by popular consent suppresses dissent while growing increasingly intolerant of ethnic and religious minorities.