Chapter 1: Introduction; Denise Phillips and Sharon Kingsland.- Chapter 2: A Science of People, Places, and Land: Oekonomie and Local Knowledge in the German Enlightenment; Denise Phillips.- Chapter 3: Drawing the Line: Mapping Cultivated Plants and Seeing Nature In Nineteenth-Century Plant Geography; Nils Güttler.- Chapter 4: Rose and Pear Breeding in Nineteenth-Century France: The Practice and Science of Diversity; Cristiana Oghina-Pavie.- Chapter 5: Napoleonic Cotton Cultivation: A Case Study in Scientific Expertise and Agricultural Innovation in France and Italy, 1806-1814; Joseph Horan.- Chapter 6: Whale Oil Pesticide: Natural History, Animal Resources, and Agriculture in Early Modern Japan; Jakobina Arch.- Chapter 7: Forests, Climate, and the Rise of Scientific Forestry in Russia: From Local Knowledge and Natural History to Modern Experiments (1840s-1890s); Anastasia A. Fedotova and Marina V. Loskutova.- Chapter 8: The Rise of Applied Entomology in the Russian Empire: Governmental, Public and Academic Responses to Insect Pest Outbreaks from 1840 to 1894; Marina V. Loskutova and Anastasia A. Fedotova.- Chapter 9: Nutrition Science and the Practice of Animal Feeding in Germany, 1850-1880; Brendan Matz.- Chapter 10: Artificial or Biological? Nature, Fertilizer, and the German Origins of Organic Agriculture; Corinna Treitel.- Chapter 11: Science, Promotion, and Scandal: Soil Bacteriology, Legume Inoculation, and the American Campaign for Soil Improvement in the Progressive Era; Mark R. Finlay.- Chapter 12: Mold Cultures: Traditional Industry and Microbial Studies in Early Twentieth-Century Japan; Victoria Lee.- Chapter 13: The Co-production of Station Morphology and Agricultural Management in the Tropics: Transformations in Botany at the Botanical Garden at Buitenzorg, Java 1880-1904; Robert-Jan Wille.- Chapter 14: Regionalizing Knowledge: The Ecological Approach of the USDA Office of Dryland Agriculture on the Great Plains; Jeremy Vetter.- Chapter 15: Rexford F. Daubenmire and the Ecology of Place: Applied Ecology in the Mid-Twentieth-Century American West; Adam M. Sowards.- Chapter 16: Agricultural Improvement at China's First Agricultural Experiment Stations; Peter Lavelle.- Chapter 17: Did Mendelism Transform Plant Breeding? Genetic Theory and Breeding Practice, 1900-1945; Jonathan Harwood.- Chapter 18: Chicken Breeding: The Complex Transition from Traditional to Genetic Methods in the United States; Margaret E. Derry.- Chapter 19: Breeding Better Peas, Pumpkins, and Peasants: The Practical Mendelism of Erich Tschermak; Sander J. Gliboff.- Chapter 20: More than Metamorphosis: The Silkworm Experiments of Toyama Kametaro and his Cultivation of Genetic Thought In Japan's Sericultural Practices, 1894-1918; Lisa Onaga.- Chapter 21: Genetics and "Breeding as a Science" Kihara Hitoshi and the Development of Genetics in Japan in the First Half of the Twentieth Century; Kaori Iida.- Chapter 22: Speeding Up Evolution: X-Rays and Plant Breeding in the United States, 1925-1935; Helen Anne Curry.- Chapter 23: Watching Grass Grow: The Emergence of Brachypodium distachyon as a Model for the Poaceae; Christopher W. P. Lyons and Karen-Beth Scholthof .- Index.