1. An Introduction to the Nordic countries: family, children and early childhood education.2. Children's Initiatives in the Finnish Early Childhood Education Context.3. Do children learn through play? How do we know?.4. Practicing Belonging in Kindergarten: Children's use of Places and Artefacts.5. Parental involvement in ECEC in Finland and in Sweden.6. Negotiating 'real families' in Swedish preschools.7. Instructional Strategies in Early Swedish Immersion in Finland.8. Children under the age of three in Norwegian childcare: Searching for Qualities.9. Systematic quality work in a Swedish context.10. Early Childhood Education (ECE) in the Nordic Countries: Universal Challenges to the Danish Model- Towards a Future ECE Paradigm.