1. Introduction: Perspectives on Political Organizing; Henk te Velde and Maartje Janse.- 2. 'Association is a mighty engine': Mass Organization and the Machine Metaphor, 1825-1840; Maartje Janse.- 3. 'Petition! Petition!! Petition!!!': Petitioning and Political Organization in Britain, c. 1800-1850; Henry Miller.- 4. Can 'The People' Speak?: Popular Meetings and the Ambiguities of Popular Sovereignty in the United States, 1816-1828; Reeve Huston.- 5. Law and Voluntary Association in the Early United States; Kevin Butterfield.- 6. Organizing in a Moment of Madness: Political Meetings & Clubs in 1848; Geerten Waling.- 7. The Democratic Framing of Protest in the Age of Revolution: The Language of Civil Rights and the Organization of Petitions and Demonstrations in Belgium, 1830-1848.- 8. Brilliant Failure: Political Parties under the Republican Era in France (1870-1914); Nicolas Roussellier.- 9. The German National Association 1859-1867: Rise and Fall of a Proto-Party; Andreas Biefang.- 10. Manipulation or Participation? Membership Inclusion in the Party Organizations of the German Social Democratic Workers' Party and the British National Liberal Federation; Anne Heyer.- 11. Agitate, Educate, Organize: Radical Networks in New York in the Early 1880s; Robert Allen.- 12. Party versus Party: Beatrice Webb and the Ascent of the British Labour Party; Hanneke Hoekstra.- 13. The Domestication of a Machine: The Debate about Political Parties around; Henk te Velde.