This book presents a detailed account of information on modern approaches in plant breeding. Contemporary plant breeding is regarded as a discipline whose origins lie in the science of genetics. It is considered a very intricate subject, involving the use of several integrative novel sciences and technologies which developed into business, science and art. Extraordinary growth in contemporary plant breeding has been witnessed, enriching the conventional breeding practices with accurate, effective, economical and swift breeding tools and approaches as a result of novel advancements in genomics as well as plant genetics and coupling plant omics accomplishments accompanied with progresses in computer science and informatics, as well as laboratory robotics. The aim of this book is to describe some of the current developments of 21st century plant breeding, elucidating new approaches, achievements, views, research efforts and perspectives in breeding of some crop species. Latest advances and comprehensive information on selected topics have been provided in this all-inclusive book which aims to improve the knowledge of the readers regarding contemporary plant breeding.