Part I Introduction and Motivating Examples.- Fault Tolerance and Resilience: Meanings, Measures and Assessment.- Resilience in Mobile Networks: A Need and a Challenge.- Assessing Dependability and Resilience in Critical Infrastructures: Challenges and Opportunities.- Providing Dependability and Resilience in the Cloud: Challenges and Opportunities.- Part II Modelling Techniques.- Phase-Type Distributions.- Scalable Stochastic Modelling for Resilience.- Part III Model-Driven Prediction.- Modelling and Model-Based Assessment.- Software Aging and Rejuvenation for Increased Resilience: Modeling, Analysis and Applications.- Online Prediction: Four Case Studies.- Part IV Measurement and Metrics.- Foundations of Metrology in the Observation of Critical Systems.- Field Studies on Resilience: Measurements and Repositories.- Failure Diagnosis of Complex Systems.- Fault Injection.- Resilience Benchmarking.- Part V Testing Techniques.- Enforcing Resilience by Systematic Testing based on Structural and Operational Coverage Measures.- Resilience Assessment based on Performance Testing.- Robustness Testing Techniques and Tools.- Part VI Case Studies.- Case Study: Mobile Networks.- Case Study on Critical Infrastructures: Assessment of Electric Power Systems.- Providing Dependability and Performance in the Cloud: Case Studies.- Part VII Conclusions and Outlook.- Future of Resilience Assessment: The AMBER Research Roadmap.