This volume examines the concept of responsibility amidst current societal challenges that require its rethinking. Assigning responsibility to an agent proves problematic when technological or social structures have become too complex. Concepts of responsibility which retrospectively name a responsible party often fail due to this complexity, diffusing responsibility to a minimum that can no longer be perceived. The contributions explore the foundations of responsibility in order to engage constructively with contemporary issues. The first part approaches conceptual challenges through examples concerning artificial intelligence, while the second discusses the anthropological presuppositions of responsibility and connects them with the broader continental philosophical tradition. The third part deals with concepts of how intergenerational responsibility can be included both conceptually and legally.