What is the relationship between technological innovation and economic growth? This text answers the question through an analysis of four technological systems: factory automation; electronics and computers; pharmaceuticals and biotechnology; and powder technology. The volume begins with an overview of how the technological systems studied here relate to Sweden's overall technological profile. It then provides an in-depth explanation of each of the four chosen technological systems. The analysis continues with a survey of the literature on technological spillovers, a presentation of the results of simulations of the macroeconomic effects of spillovers, and a summary of the framework for studying technological systems derived from the four cases. The book concludes with a discussion of key lessons and issues for policy-makers, both public and private.