The United States and other technology-dependent nations are challenged with continuing to defend current systems and networks and at the same time attempt to get out in front of adversaries and ensure that future technology can better protect critical infrastructures and respond to attacks. Government-funded and government-led research and development (R & D) plays an increasing role to meet these challenges and protect national and economic security. The required research, development, testing, evaluation, and other life-cycle considerations run the gamut from technologies that secure individuals and their information to those that will ensure that critical infrastructures are more resilient. Threat Level Red: Cybersecurity Research Programs of the U.S. Government examines a wide range of cybersecurity research activities being conducted by the U.S. Science Laboratories, branches of the military and civilian-agencies. The research activities examined are open source and representative of what the U.S. government is doing in cybersecurity research but the research is not exhaustive. In other words, there are activities not covered and the examination of the research that is included is brief in many areas because of both time and space, or access. Threat Level Red covers the U.S. federal government initiatives on cybersecurity research, research conducted by DHS, NIST, DARPA, Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity and In-Q-Tel, U.S. military, and federally-and DOE-funded R & D. It also details cybersecurity research for the Critical Industry Sectors and consumer protection, as well as discusses usability obstacles. Book jacket.