Autism is categorized under neurodevelopmental disorders. It is commonly diagnosed in infants at an early stage by symptoms like impaired communication and interaction. This book discusses the fundamentals as well as modern approaches to understand and study this disorder. The text provides significant information of this discipline to help develop a good understanding of autism and related fields. From theories to research to practical applications, case studies related to all contemporary topics of relevance to this field have been included herein. Also, included in this book are the different techniques that are used to diagnose and treat autism like pediatric neuropathology, metabolic and neuroimaging tools to name few. This book is an invaluable source of information for researchers and experts working in this field.