This work investigates the potential of tree ring chemistry for the interpretation of volcanically derived signatures in absolutely dated annual growth increments. First, it presents a review of the discipline of dendrochemistry, highlighting the principles and potential problems, and collating complimentary information from existing interdisciplinary studies. From analysis of this information, the optimum procedure for completing a successful dendrochemical study is developed along with a profile of the best wood types and elements for analysis. Second, a new methodology is developed and evaluated in terms of the analysis of individual tree rings by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. Third, new investigations are made into the chemistry of dated tree ring sequences covering known and speculated volcanic events, including pilot studies and case studies, and the author considers the practical implications for analysis should the overall investigation show that there is real potential to date the volcanic eruptions of prehistory via the chemistry of tree rings.