This book presents an in-depth exploration of biopolymers in biomedical engineering, spanning 15 chapters. Each chapter delves into different aspects of biopolymers, including their origins, development, potential, and sustainable sources, as well as advanced eco-friendly production methods. The text covers a wide range of applications, from advanced drug delivery systems and gene therapy to tissue engineering. Additionally, it addresses the use of biopolymers in the food industry and their role in packaging. The book also highlights the impact of artificial intelligence on creating sustainable biopolymers and advancing drug delivery technologies, including 3D and 4D methods for personalized treatments. It offers a thorough review of biopolymer-assisted drug delivery, implantable devices, and diagnostic applications. Furthermore, it discusses important patents, toxicity concerns, regulatory issues, and future prospects in the field. This comprehensive resource is invaluable for researchers, Ph.D. students, pharmaceutical and food industries working in the dynamic area of sustainable biomedical engineering.