Access to reproductive healthcare, including abortions and family planning services, remains a deeply polarizing issue within contemporary Eastern Europe. Originally a question reserved for couples, this topic has since been elevated to the public realm through the emergence of modern nation states. Challenging Norms offers a geographically wide-ranging re-examination of family planning in twentieth-century Eastern Europe, interrogating the relationship between social attitudes to family planning and the forces of social, economic, and political modernization. In doing so, this volume highlights how these changes provide invaluable insights into ever-evolving societal norms and values.