This book offers practical and systematic tools for understanding the controversial dynamics of de-radicalization and extremism in the context of global terrorism. Since 2010 there has been a sharp increase in the number of extreme jihadist groups around the world. A surge in right-wing radicalization marked by hate speech and anti-immigrant anxieties has also been noted. States have subsequently sought to develop approaches to counter these groups, with variable success. While some countries have been relatively successful in countering radicalization, others have seen an increase in the number of terrorist attacks. Using comparative analysis, this book examines the controversial subject of de-radicalization as a tool of the state in modifying political behaviour. Drawing on multiple country case studies, it assesses how governments around the world use counter-terrorism policies and measures, be it through policing, the judicial process, state-sponsored programs or community approaches, to address extremist radicalization. It also considers how effective these policies have been in modifying extremist forms of behaviour, and why some countries have been more successful than others. It will appeal to scholars and students of public policy, international human rights, international relations and counter-terrorism studies.