Long before the particular civil rights movement in the United

States of America of the time of 1950s & 1960s had started

making proper headlines, the response of the black community

towards oppression as well as racial inequality was highly under

its way. Definitely, as the failed emancipation's promise in the

latter half of the 19

th century had given rise to the case of

Jim Crow which was viewed as a series of customs and laws

that were responsible for segregation and disfranchising of the

black community – it was also responsible for compelling a

group of individuals towards launching the efforts for asserting

their respective constitutional rights and for improving their

given standing in the community. Towards the turning of the

century, for instance, the outspoken leader Ida B. Wells had

grappled with the most major leading issues of the time: the

lynching of the people belonging to the black community.

Through a series of highly analyzed orchestrated attack on the

journalist, Wells had almost brought the given form of violence

that tended to be racial singlehandedly –this represented as the

major trenchant symbolism of the supremacy of the whites –to

the headlines of the consciousness of the nation. However, the

others were still mobilizing the overall creation of the leading

organizations that would be shaping and supporting the fights

& movements for the given civil rights. Under this scenario,

Marcus Garvey was responsible for forming the Universal

Negro Improvement Association during the time of 1917 for the

aim of promoting his contention with respect to the fact that

the black community should be working towards

self-determination: the idea that was responsible for prefiguring

the overall power movement of the black community during the

time of the 1960s. Similarly, during the time of the 1905, the

man named W.E.B Du Bois and several other leaders had

resulted into the formation of the famous Niagara Movement

for addressing the black grievances. This had led to the

immensely influential and reputed NAACP (National Association

for the Advancement of the Colored People) along with the

legal assaulting of the given discrimination.

As the early times of the black community and activists were

seeking a similar present –a highly equitable society –the

respective goals & means were not completely unified, under

some cases, their respective efforts towards eliminating the given

racial barriers had been in direct opposition to the other. For

instance, Booker T. Washington had promoted vocational

training along with economic independence as the means of

proper tactical response, in portions, towards the southern

economy in the field of agriculture. However, the pragmatic

approach adopted by Washington was under fire soon as

claimed to some predominantly white group during the time of

1895 that under all the things that were purely social, the

individuals could be separate as our fingers, however, they were

all one just like the hand for the things that involved mutual

progress. The critics of Washington, most importantly W.E.B.

Du Bois, had denounced the given promotion of segregation as

well as the willingness of foregoing the political power of the

black community. In comparison to Washington, W.E.B. Du Bois

who was a Harvard-educated person of intellect had advocated

the complete transformation of the cultural as well as the

political life of the black community.