Many kaizen programs strive to achieve continuous flow, where processes move seamlessly without interruptions. This principle is at the heart of lean production. In practice, a production cell is a group of machines or workstations arranged to perform tasks in a specific sequence. However, achieving a truly smooth and uninterrupted process within a cell is rare, and it is this challenge that defines its purpose.

In an ideal lean environment, a product would flow effortlessly from start to finish, passing through every stage of production until it reaches the customer. Managing this flow all at once is often overwhelming. That's why organizations use a pacemaker system, a focused point in the production line that sets the pace for the entire workflow, ensures balance, and helps maintain takt time.

By implementing cells and pacemakers, companies can eliminate waste, reduce bottlenecks, and create a more efficient and predictable production process.