China’s extensive and profound civilization manifests the cultural identity of the nation. It is the foundation of contemporary Chinese culture, the cultural bond to which all Chinese throughout the world adhere and the treasure that inspires China’s cultural innovation. This booklet, Keywords to Understand China: Chinese Philosophy Origins and Contemporary Relevance, has been compiled to tell stories about the Chinese civilization and help global audience better understand its development under socialism. It has selected 80 keyword entries covering “self-cultivation,” “people-centered philosophy,” “good governance,” and “relations with other nations” to present China’s philosophy of benevolence, people-orientation, honesty, justice, concordance, and universal harmony, and the classical allusions behind contemporary governance.