It is unfortunate but true that many misconceptions exist regarding teaching English to non-English speakers. Just as one who can read is not by that criterion alone capable of teaching reading, knowing a particular language does not ensure that one can effectively teach it. It is an error to assume that “common sense” can guide one in this regard. True “common sense” is simply not as common as many may believe. What may appear a sensible thing to do in teaching ESL, may in fact (as one who reads the book will see) prove counter-productive and in turn detrimental to the learning process. This book focuses on subject matter which includes the question of what language actually is (it’s components, skills, and traits), the mystery of the origin of language, the history of the English language, an in-dept view of the Audio-Lingual (ALM) teaching method (its philosophy, approaches and one time long standing popularity) as well as its decline as a foundation course, ESL testing (with an emphasis on measuring one’s oral ability and progress) along with a complete aural-oral testing instrument, culture as a significant factor in language learning, and a question and answer section for clarifying items of interest of those involved in the field of ESL. The book is designed to be of value to ESL teachers and administrators, students preparing to teach ESL, volunteers in need of learning more about the field and individuals who may simply be interested in the history of the language (especially English) and/or ESL methodology. The book’s information is expected to increase the knowledge of readers as well as to help some strengthen and others develop a solid foundation upon which to rely in whatever approach they choose to teach ESL.