How can we reconcile competing claims about artificial intelligence in today’s policy debate? Will AI herald a technological utopia filled with scientific breakthroughs that extend and enhance life, or will the machines we create turn on us and usher in the apocalypse? Will chatbots stifle creativity and crush the human spirit, or are they just reflections of ourselves, for better or worse? As we grapple with these questions, technologists, philosophers, entrepreneurs, writers, artists, and elected officials have espoused approaches to AI advances that appear fundamentally at odds with each other.