This book LNCS 16173 constitutes the proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Network Games, Artificial Intelligence, Control and Optimization, NETGCOOP 2025, held in Bilbao, Spain, during October 8-10, 2025.

The 16 full papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 23 submissions. These papers cover different areas of modeling, game theory, control and optimization, with a focus on scheduling and resource allocation in 5G/6G networks, matching in graphs as well as propagation, pricing and economic models, energy and generative artificial intelligence.