This book provides a comprehensive, up-to-date, and rigorously detailed introduction to Non-Axiomatic Logic (NAL), a groundbreaking framework for adaptive systems operating under conditions of insufficient knowledge and resources. Designed according to the principles of human cognition, NAL serves as a cornerstone for advancing general-purpose Artificial Intelligence while addressing many topics in logic, psychology, linguistics, philosophy, and computer science.

Now fully expanded into a textbook format, this second edition builds on the foundation of the 2013 lecture notes-style first edition, transforming it into an ideal resource for one-semester graduate or upper-level undergraduate courses. Retaining the original structure while significantly enhancing accessibility and depth, this edition features:

Readers with a college-level background in AI, computer science, or mathematical logic will find this book indispensable for understanding the principles and applications of NAL in AI development.

Readership: Readers with a college-level background in AI, computer science, or mathematical logic.