This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-workshop proceedings of the First International Workshop on Patch-based Techniques in Medical Images, Patch-MI 2015, which was held in conjunction with MICCAI 2015, in Munich, Germany, in October 2015.

The 25 full papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 35 submissions. The topics covered are such as image segmentation of anatomical structures or lesions; image enhancement; computer-aided prognostic and diagnostic; multi-modality fusion; mono and multi modal image synthesis; image retrieval; dynamic, functional physiologic and anatomic imaging; super-pixel/voxel in medical image analysis; sparse dictionary learning and sparse coding; analysis of 2D, 2D+t, 3D, 3D+t, 4D, and 4D+t data.