This scholarly exploration delves into the foundational virtues that shaped Roman moral philosophy and public life, offering an in-depth analysis of ethical concepts such as virtus, pietas, fides, gravitas, and auctoritas. Drawing from primary historical sources, classical literature, and philosophical treatises, the book traces how these virtues defined individual character, social relationships, and political authority in ancient Rome. It examines the lived realities of these ideals through stories, rituals, and governance, revealing their dynamic role in sustaining Rome's republic and empire.