This report assesses social protection measures in Asia and outlines the need for more inclusive, shock-responsive policies to cut poverty and to spur equitable development. Centered around ADB’s Social Protection Indicator, it assesses data from 26 countries to show how measures are evolving to provide increased support and opportunities for the poor, women, and people with disabilities. Explaining why the COVID-19 pandemic made many more vulnerable, the report suggests that it also offers opportunities for longer-term expansion of social protection. It proposes measures for strengthening data collection and compilation to enhance design and effectiveness of social protection.