This book delves into the transformative efforts that sought to redefine punishment and rehabilitation, highlighting the pivotal role of Community Service Orders (CSO) and the legislative push to abandon the use of Short-Term Prison Sentences (STPS) for fine default. However, a deeper investigation reveals a critical oversight: the unique predicaments of women entangled in the criminal justice system were neglected. Through meticulous research and analysis, this work sheds light on the nuances of judicial discretion in the District Court, the inconsistencies in sentencing, and the challenges in implementing effective diversion policies. It presents an in-depth exploration of the legislative adjustments aimed at both ends of the sentencing spectrum and the unforeseen consequences these changes have had, particularly on women.

Quantitative and qualitative research demonstrate that, in Ireland, there is a higher risk that when a woman reoffends this leads to increasingly harsher penalties. Women are offered fewer meaningful opportunities for self-improvement or programs aimed at addressing the socio-economic factors underscored by their offences.

This book will be of interest to a broad spectrum of readers interested in criminal justice reform, gender studies, and socio-political history. It appeals to academics, practitioners, and policymakers in the fields of criminology, sociology, and law, offering fresh insights into the complexities of penal reform and its implications for different genders. Additionally, it caters to a general audience intrigued by the intersection of social justice, legal reforms, and gender equality.