Treatise on Process Metallurgy: Volume 5: Energy, Environment, and Future Aspects of Process Metallurgy, Second Edition is divided into two parts, with the first covering sustainable development as it pertains to process metallurgy, addressing issues arising from sustained economic growth, long-term mineral and metal supply, and energy requirements in metallurgical industries. It also examines energy resources, including fossil and renewable sources, and discusses the resource efficiency of the circular economy through simulation-based analyses. The second part delves into the future of metals production globally, with a focus on raw material and energy availability. It presents current CO2 emissions and future projections, with emphasis on reducing CO2 generation in steelmaking technologies. Additional topics discussed include flash smelting, FINEX process outlook, the rotary hearth furnace, and an extensive coverage of hydrogen steelmaking. - Covers sustainable development of metals, insight on their current and forecast supply and demand, emissions reduction and use of energy in the metallurgical industry, and more - Features simulation-based analysis of the resource efficiency of the circular economy, and the enabling role of metallurgical infrastructure as a part of recycling with reference to slags, utilization of metallurgical scrap form, and more - Discusses the future outlook of metal production with particular attention paid to raw materials, energy availability, CO2 emissions, flash smelting, rotary hearth furnaces, and hydrogen steelmaking