This book describes What Matters for Healthy Ageing largely from the point of view of the individual, considering not only the length of their life but also the quality of their life, their roles and identity and the things that make life worth living. The book embraces the World Health Organisation’s framework for healthy ageing, being the ability to continue to do the things that matter most. Many factors impact on these abilities, including social determinants of health, intrinsic capacities, personal identity, and roles such as work and caregiving. This book will help Geriatricians develop practice models to guide the care of older adults, by focusing on those things that matter to the older person themselves.