This book’s purpose and characteristics are not only to introduce the fundamental theoretical knowledge of nuclear radiation detection principles, detector preparation, and detection signal generation, but also provides a comprehensive introduction of the design, optimization, and preparation of semiconductor nuclear radiation detection. Beginning with the current materials and device processes of wide band gap semiconductors, the book focuses on the challenges and essential technologies of detector design, optimization, and preparation. The book also provides theoretical support for device design optimization and device failure analysis through the introduction of detector simulation models that integrate simulation results with experimental data.