This detailed volume explores molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs), which have attracted great interest both in fundamental research and for practical applications due to their selective molecular recognition capabilities, extraordinary stability, and ease of preparation. Beginning with key laboratory protocols describing the different steps towards the synthesis of MIPs by different polymerization strategies, the volume continues by examining MIP use in sample preparation, their implementation on the development of sensors, as well as applications in other areas such catalysis and the use of bioinformatics and molecular modeling for MIPs design. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to the respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.